Low Birth Weight Babies (LBW) are still a public health problem in many countries that cause infant mortality. More than 80% of the 2.5 million newborns in the world die each year with low birth weight. The 2018 Indonesian Health Research Report shows that the prevalence of LBW in East Nusa Tenggara Indonesia is 8%, higher than the national figure of 6.2%. This research is a case control study. Infants were divided into two groups, infants with birth weight <2500 grams as the case group, and 2500 grams as the control group. Babies with congenital abnormalities were excluded. Factors observed were maternal age, parity, gestational distance, anemia, disease during pregnancy and place of residence. A total of 114 infants were included in this study, consisting of 57 infants in the case and control groups. The results showed that there was no relationship between maternal age, mother's education and place of residence with the incidence of LBW (p> 0.05). However, there was a significant relationship between parity (OR = 3,423; 95% CI = 1,586-7,386), birth spacing (OR = 2,348; 95% CI = 1,069-5,158), maternal anemia (OR = 2.194; 95% CI = 1,036- 4,649) and chronic disease in pregnancy (OR = 2,194; 95% CI = 1,036-4,649) in the incidence of LBW. Parity, birth spacing, maternal anemia and chronic disease in pregnancy are factors that affect LBW