Background: To investigate the effect of limbal mesenchymal stem cells secretome (L-MSCS) on corneal expression of Interleukin-1 (IL-1) in alkali ocular chemical injury animal model. Methods: Secretome was collected from limbal mesenchymal stem cells of corneoscleral tissue of healthy male rabbit. Rabbits were exposed to NaOH. The research subjects consisted of 3 groups, normal control group, Balance saline solution (BSS) group, and L-MSCS group. The level of corneal expression of IL-1 by immunohistochemical staining were analyzed. Results: After seven days administration of topical instillation of L-MSCS, the mean level of IL-1 expression with immunoreactive score (IRS) was 3,2 in normal group, 5,4 in BSS group, and 5,1 in L-MSCS group. The level of IL-1 expression in L-MSCS group was lower than BSS group. There was no difference in IL-1 expression between L-MSCS group and the BSS group (p>0.05) but a significant difference was found between normal group and BSS group, normal group and L-MSCS group, and between the three groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: Topical instillation of L-MSCS has a potential effect on decrease the level of IL-1 expression in the 7th day of chemical ocular injury animal model even though the difference was not statistically significant.