Cholelithiasis is one of the major health problems around the world. The prevalence of cholelithiasis varies by country. The ethnicity of the people and the geographical location of a country has a huge role in the prevalence of gallstone disease. The etiology of gallstones is not well understood. The most important predisposition factor of gallstone formation is the supersaturation of cholesterol, hypomotility of the gallbladder, and excess bilirubin. Gallstones risk factors are multifactorial. Age, ethnicity, female gender, disease history, and family history are all known to play a role in the development of gallstones. Gallstones have also been linked to smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and cholesterol levels. Sudden weight loss, contraception, and pregnancy in woman also shown to associate with cholelithiasis.