The study was conducted at El Salaam Locality which is laid between (24º 30' and 24º 50' Northern latitudes, and 11º 20' and 11º 40' Eastern longitudes) South Darfur State during the years 2017– 2018. The aim of this study was to conduct a socioeconomic survey to detect peoples' perceptions toward soil degradation and deforestation from shifting cultivation. A primary data was collected by questionnaire from farmers were practices shifting cultivation. Secondary data were obtained from the documents related to the study aims.  In addition to that, field observations and general survey were used to obtain primary data. The statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) program was applied to analyze data obtained from farmers. The respondents showed significant differences at p<0.0001 in age grouping, sex, life system and family size, also the results showed that the illiteracy was increased within farmers. The shifting cultivation was the main sources of income for the local farmers, and there was high demand of land resources to practicing shifting cultivation due the increased family size and immigration from conflict areas, The reasons behind soil and land deterioration were shifting cultivation, the reasons behind soil and land deterioration where the practice of shifting cultivation, cutting trees and fires, which often used by the local farmers to clean forest land to cultivate their crops. Inefficiency products and poor production system and land degradation are the most phenomenon in the study area. The study also concluded that, the degradation of land and forest cover was resulted from deforestation and expansion of crop land, and these are the most serious problem that facing forestland and ecology.