That borders melt and security becomes issue of concern to states around the globe is a result of globalisation. Globalisation after the end of the cold war dashed the hope for international peace and security as it gives wide range of opportunities for trans-border movement, transnational crimes and proliferation of small arms and light weapons across national boundaries and within national territories. Nigeria is a victim of the proliferation of SALWs within and from without its territories. SALWs have become readily available, easy to use tool for the escalation and intensification of ethno- religious, inter, and intra communal violence as well as the tool for effective armed robbery in economically developed areas within Nigeria thereby endangering human security. The SALWs in themselves lack the capacity to engender violent conflict, but the availability of the arms in the communities and in the hands of hooligans is a violation of individual and community freedom from fear as people become afraid of possible violent interruption in their day-to-day activities. The violation of freedom from want becomes possible as the use of SALWs in conflict could result in the devastation and destruction of lives and properties thereby leading humanitarian crises. Utilising secondary data source, the study established the corrosive effect of the trans-border movement and proliferation of small arm and light weapons on human security as Nigeria’s fourth republic is replete with various violent attacks on innocent citizens within Nigeria communities.