Ghanas marketplaces, from Makola in Accra to Kejetia in Kumasi, have historically adapted to external influences, absorbing new commodities, actors, and trading models. Over the last two decades, Chinese immigrant traders have become a prominent force in Ghanas retail economy, establishing wholesale depots, hybrid retail and wholesale outlets, and niche category shops. Their presence has enhanced consumer choice and reduced prices, but also generated tensions with Ghanaian traders, particularly due to legal restrictions on foreign retail activity under the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (GIPC) Act. This article investigates the opportunities and tensions created by Chinese traders in Ghana by analyzing trade data, field surveys, and policy documents. Findings reveal both direct and indirect contributions to consumer welfare, employment, and tax revenue, alongside conflicts arising from reserved retail spaces, quality disputes, and compliance gaps. The article concludes by offering a policy playbook for aligning foreign trader participation with Ghanas development objectives.