The rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly ChatGPT, has reshaped academic practices by providing support in writing, idea generation, and language refinement. Previous studies highlight that ChatGPT and similar AI tools enhance academic writing quality, improving grammar, organization, and coherence among students (Maghamil & Sieras, 2024). This study explored the perceived effects of ChatGPT on academic writing performance among senior high school students. As AI integration in education expands, ChatGPT is increasingly recognized as a resource for grammar, organization, and idea development, though concerns remain regarding originality and academic integrity.

Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach, the researchers gathered insights from Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) students using open-ended questionnaires. Thematic analysis revealed recurring perceptions and experiences. Findings showed that 45.35% of respondents considered ChatGPT effective for generating ideas and gathering information. Additionally, 25.58% believed it improved productivity by assisting in task management and organization. Meanwhile, 15.12% reported that ChatGPT enhanced their understanding of topics by simplifying complex concepts, and 13.95% noted its contribution to vocabulary development.

Overall, the results suggest that ChatGPT can serve as a valuable support system in academic writing when used responsibly. However, the study emphasizes the importance of balancing technological assistance with independent thinking to preserve originality and integrity. These insights reinforce existing literature on the benefits and challenges of AI in education, while offering practical implications for students, educators, and institutions. The findings may also guide future researchers in promoting ethical and effective AI use in academic contexts.