Stress Under Surveillance: Mapping Psychological Pathways of Time Use To Academic Stress through Grit Psychological Resources
Abstract
This study examined the relationships among time management, grit psychological resources (GPRs), and academic stress among criminology students in a private tertiary institution in Central Visayas, Philippines. Using a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 375 students through standardized instruments: the Time Management Questionnaire (TMQ), Lakaev Academic Stress Response Scale (LASRS), and Grit Psychological Resources Scale (GPRS). Descriptive statistics revealed moderate time management, low-to-moderate academic stress, and high levels of GPRs. Pearson correlation analysis indicated significant positive relationships between time management and GPRs but non-significant associations between time management and academic stress. Mediation analysis showed that practice significantly reduced academic stress, while hope demonstrated a complex positive indirect effect. Findings suggest that time management influences stress indirectly through psychological mechanisms. The study highlights the importance of integrating behavioral and psychological interventions to support student well-being.